In order to account for the drawback of the Jaccard index to cope with large size differences between pathways, we added a preprocessing step to unify pathways that are almost completely included within other pathways (≥0.9 gene content similarity of the smaller pathway), thereby diminishing the barrier of variable pathway size between sources.
In addition this core is complemented with a set of variable pathways that primarily includes degradation pathways for carbohydrates, amino acids and xenobiotics that may be essential to the particular life style of each organism.
Simulations of Brownian dynamics of DNA translocation through nanofilter arrays support experimental results of variable pathways according to DNA length.
This approach has proven successful in studies of variable pathways of degradation of subsurface organic contaminants such as chlorinated ethenes (Hunkeler et al., 2002; Elsner et al., 2005, 2008; Hofstetter et al., 2008).
Modeling was guided by several principles in determining potential pathways of influence of one variable on another or, stated simply, the presence and direction of pathway arrows between variables in the path analysis model diagram.
The order of activation of both signaling pathways is variable, and depends on the history of stress and glucocorticoid exposure, as well as the circadian and ultradian pulsatility of glucocorticoid levels [27].
Integrated catchment-scale management approaches in large catchments are often hindered due to the poor understanding of the spatially and seasonally variable pathways of pollutants.
Pathways of lymphatic spread are variable and include the submandibular, facial, intraparotid and preauricular nodes.
Some limitations are inherent in these types of calculations, including using high-dose acute kinetic studies to compute low-dose chronic exposure estimates and difficulty in accurately accounting for additional (nonadduct) and variable pathways of acrylamide metabolism and elimination.
