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In conclusion, our results show that L-Lactate is involved in two distinct and independent pathways defined as NMDAR-mediated potentiation pathway (or NADH pathway) and a neuroprotective pathway (or Pyruvate/ATP pathway), the prevalence of each one depending on the strength of the glutamatergic stimulus.
Thus we proceeded to determine how the synthetic lethal interactions were enriched between pathways (defined as completeness d12, which represents the proportion of all potential synthetic lethal interactions that have been observed; see Equation (1)).
In contrast, a similar pathway enrichment analysis on genes showing down-regulated expression indicated genes in pathways defined as involved in rho signalling and virus entry via endocytosis were more highly represented at 4 hpi.
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Direct modulation of the hyperdirect pathway, defined as cortical layer V pyramidal neurons that send an axon collateral to the subthalamic nucleus (STN), has emerged as a possible component of the therapeutic mechanisms.
When PIK3CA mutations and PTEN expression were analyzed together, activation of the pathway (defined as loss of PTEN or PIKECA mutation) was detected in 25 (23.5%) patients.
The major effector of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (defined as Wnt pathway hereafter) is known as β-cat/TCF.
Of interest, also a pathway defined as genes downregulated in glomeruli from patients with diabetic nephropathy was downregulated in the arterial wall in diabetes [ 41].
Only 8% (4 of 49) exhibited an alteration of the PI3K pathway (defined as either a PIK3CA, AKT1, or PTEN mutation), with 60% harboring a RAS mutation.
The underlying determinant of the allosteric pathway, defined as the path of energy responsive residues in the present paper, is the graph structure of the protein.
Notably, the different models all revealed a statistically significant correlation between defects in the p53 pathway (defined as L2/L3- TP53/ CHEK2 mutations or low level ATM expression) and therapy resistance defined as PD on treatment (P-values varying from 0.001 to 0.027; Figure 2B).
Similar to 10-7/-8 10-7/-8 10-7/-8ntrations [ 7], CaMps et al. [ 34] demonstrated that LCO-signaling is predominantly mediated by DMI3 alsO at 10−6 M, although a DMI3-independent signaling pathway was defined as well.
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