Researchers have long known that a pathway called the high vocal center, or H.V.C., controls adult song, but whether that same pathway is responsible for babbling and changes as the bird ages has been an open question.
Red cells metabolize glucose by breaking it down to lactic acid either via an anaerobic (oxygenless) pathway or by oxidation through a pathway called the pentose phosphate pathway.
Layer 5/6 cells form a pathway called the corticospinal tract, which projects down into the spinal cord and forms connections with motor neurons in the spinal cord, and these in turn connect to muscle cells.
Further studies with 14C as well as with inorganic phosphate labeled with 32P led to the mapping of the carbon fixation and reduction pathway called the reductive pentose phosphate (RPP) cycle, or the Calvin-Benson cycle.
Their latest paper explores why.The answer seems to lie partly in the role bacteria play in providing essential nutrients to the body and partly in the inhibition of a biochemical pathway called the Krebs cycle, which is at the core of every organism's metabolism.
Researchers also know that a cellular pathway called the Wnt signaling pathway induces hair growth.
In many cell types, the activity of Yap1 is regulated by a tumor-suppressive pathway called the Hippo (Hpo) signaling pathway.
Section 1.2 discusses two categories of alcohol-producing pathways in detail, including both fermentative (i.e., acetone-butanol-ethanol pathway called the ABE pathway) and non-fermentative (i.e., Ehrlich pathway linked with amino acid metabolism; and reverse β-oxidation pathway).
Shewanella species, which are dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria widely distributed in sediment or seawater, grow optimally between 25 and 40 °C and can reduce metal ions via a special electron pathway called the Mtr pathway (Fredrickson et al. 2008; Shi et al. 2012; Wang et al. 2017).
Attempts to develop new drugs to treat addiction usually focus on the brain's all-purpose "reward" area--a dopamine-rich pathway called the medial forebrain bundle in the rat.
