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The CIE pathways are typically defined by undisturbed internalization in the absence of clathrin or the endocytic morphological criteria.
While pathways are typically un-limited for disturbed landscapes, the un-disturbed forests have dis-connectivity between labile carbon of the forest floor and the stream corridor.
However, although QS is most easily interpreted as a population-counting behavior, QS pathways are typically complex, often employing multiple autoinducer signals and receptors.
Similarly, ES cell differentiation pathways are typically directed, in part, by sequential activation of receptor-mediated intracellular signaling pathways by peptides and other molecules [6], [7], [8].
Proteins involved in cell signalling pathways are typically modular, comprising highly conserved domains and residues.
In plants, signaling pathways are typically controlled by small-molecule hormones.
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With the exception of the colon where conflicting results regarding the relationship between Hedgehog and Wnt signaling have been reported [45], [46], activation rather than inhibition of both pathways is typically correlated with tumor formation [47].
1– 4 The involvement of changes in expression of genes associated with specific pathways is typically investigated by the application of enrichment tests applied to gene ontology terms, thereby providing evidence for enrichment of pathways by association with these terms.
Communication between pathways is typically enhanced by the addition of hubs (highly connected pathways, which convert metabolites for a broader range of input and output pathways) and switchboards (centrally connected pathways, which capture a large fraction of the whole metabolite traffic).
It is known that activation of the endogenous pathway rather than the exogenous pathway is typically the main cause of PDT-induced apoptosis [24 26].
A pathway is typically deregulated by the deregulation of more than one gene that is associated with that pathway.
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