Clinical pathways are highly useful tools for the systematization and improvement of clinical processes.
Importantly, pharmaceutical inhibitors against these signaling pathways are highly effective in reducing the development of metastasis, suggesting novel avenues for clinical management of metastatic cancer.
Biochemical, regulatory, and genetic pathways are highly branched and interleaved, as well as dynamic, calling for sophisticated computational tools for their modeling and analysis.
Such an approach has biological validity because the E and A pathways are highly conserved in vertebrates, including humans and laboratory animals.
These analyses support the prediction that the pathways are highly conserved through metazoan evolution.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are highly conserved among yeast, animals, and plants [179].
ERAD pathways are highly specialized mechanisms that incorporate the basic UPS at their core.
Many meiotic pathways are highly conserved across distantly related sexually reproducing eukaryotes (for a review, see [12]).
Although SUMO and ubiquitin pathways are highly similar, little is known about signal-directed coupling of the two systems.
Their signal transduction pathways are highly conserved in animal species, and homologues of most components have been described from nematodes to humans.
More specifically, Konstantinopoulos et al. have reported that NRF2, NF-κB, cytokines and proteins involved in inflammatory response pathways are highly induced by carboplatin treatment [19].
