A driver-like pathway terminated in the middle-deep layers of prefrontal cortex, consisting mainly of large PV+ terminals (Fig. 11, d1), and a modulatory pathway terminated in the superficial layers, containing mainly smaller CB+ terminals (Fig. 11, m2).
Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor (smurf) is the specific ubiquitin ligase of Smad degradation, which disclosed Smad signal pathway terminating in the ubiquitin proteasome degradation.
In Arabidopsis, wax is synthesized via a pathway terminating in the enzyme wax synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WSD); WSD is regulated by MYB96 and CER, especially under drought conditions [ 29, 30].
Instead this pathway terminated in a more lateral region of cortex, known to be involved in visually guided oculomotor tasks (Perry and Zeki 2000; Mort, Perry, et al. 2003; Petit et al. 2009).
It is synthesized in Arabidopsis by a pathway terminating in the enzyme encoded by WSD and its synthesis is regulated by MYB96 and CER (Additional file 8: Figure S1), especially under drought stress [ 27, 28].
Additionally, what remains unclear is how C55-PP generated de novo in the cytoplasm by the pathway terminating at UppS is dephosphorylated in its final necessary stage for subsequent use as a lipid carrier.
The classical thalamo-cortical pathway that terminates in the middle cortical layers is considered to be a driver pathway, and the reciprocal cortico-thalamic pathway emanating from cortical layer VI is thought to be modulatory [8], [9], [12], [15].
Candidatus P. australiense has iPGM and an intact glycolytic pathway, whereas Candidatus P. mali has an incomplete glycolytic pathway that terminates in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and consequently lacks any form of PGM.
On the other hand, the thalamo-cortical pathway that terminates in the superficial layers is thought to be modulatory, and the cortico-thalamic pathway from layer V appears to be a driving pathway [11], [18] [21].
Further experiments showed that scattered cells within the intermediate gray layer give rise to a reciprocal pathway that terminates in both the dorsal and ventral subdivisions of the zona incerta.
FX mice show excessive LTD, suggesting that FMRP is normally involved in a pathway terminating this type of LTD.
