Sentence examples for pathway has been detected from inspiring English sources
Compromised function of the CSN pathway has been detected in several mental retardation syndromes and neurodegenerative diseases such as Smith-Magenis syndrome, Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, Machado-Joseph disease, X-linked mental retardation syndrome [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41].
Among eukaryotes, this pathway has been detected only in Trichomonas and diplomonads.
Methylation of Sprouty-4 (SPRY4), an inhibitor of the receptor-transduced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, has been detected in prostate cancer [ 42].
Aberrant hyper-activation of the Akt pathway has been detected in up to 50% of all human tumours, and the Akt pathway is an attractive target for anti-cancer drug discovery (Mitsiades et al., 2004).
Activation of the mTOR pathway has been detected in bladder cancer, while inhibition of this pathway blocks bladder tumorigenesis (2, 3) in animal models and is associated with durable response in some patients with advanced bladder cancer (4).
On the other hand, overactivation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine kinase Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been detected in a variety of human cancers, including RCC.
The fluoranthene- and pyrene-degrading pathways of microbial consortiums have also been studied with massive intermediates and catabolic genes contained in PAH-upstream degrading process detected (Gupta et al. 2016; Zhao et al. 2016), however, only protocatechuic acid pathway have been detected in the PAHs downstream degrading process.
Components of the COP9 signalosome (CSN), a key member of the conserved 26S proteasome degradation pathway, have been detected to be altered in patients of several debilitating syndromes.
Other components of the RNA-silencing pathway have been detected in these species.
A number of key genes involved in the Notch signaling pathway have been detected with altered levels in dystrophic muscles.
Some intermediate products of the C4 carbon-fixation pathway have been detected in diatoms, brown algae, green algae and red algae [ 72- 77].
