Although the implementation of treatment pathways faces similar problems as the implementation of guidelines [ 21, 22], pathways are supposed to possess higher implementation chances by adapting the guideline recommendations to local conditions [ 23, 24].
Even though the implementation of clinical pathways faces similar problems as the implementation of guidelines [ 21, 22], some authors [ 19, 23, 24] expect treatment pathways to raise implementation chances by adapting the guideline recommendations to local conditions and thereby referring more to physicians' work reality.
With no mandatory guide on health-seeking pathway, people face multiple choices when selecting which medical institutions to visit.
The major problem which most of the signaling pathway databases face till this date is the pathway data curation and its subsequent annotation, which are mostly dependent on active human interaction and intelligence.
For some types of objects, the functional organization by semantic category has been demonstrated within a given modality, e.g. category specificity in the visual pathway for faces [10], [11] or for living versus nonliving entities [12] [15].
In fact, neoplastic cells adapt their metabolic pathways to face the demands of abnormal proliferation.
An interface between stem cell research and systems biology may now be key to understanding the decision pathways that face ES cells poised between pluripotency and lineage commitment.
Research on acquired prosopagnosia suggests that once the neural pathways for face perception are developed, they are always engaged for faces, even when they are dysfunctional (Farah, Wilson, Drain, & Tanaka, 1995).
Neuroimaging studies have identified a number of face-selective regions, which appear to provide support for the idea of separable visual pathways in face perception (Allison et al. 1994; Kanwisher et al. 1997): An occipital face area (OFA), an fusiform face area (FFA), and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) region.
For instance, the protein kinase complex 312 in Additional file 5, Table S1 is significantly more abundant in the minimal media, and this result can be interpreted from the nutrient sensing role of component protein Tpk2 involved in the cell growth via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway, at facing the nutrient starvation [ 28].
It has been hypothesized that, parallel to object- and face-recognition areas in the ventral visual pathway, a subcortical face processing system may exist where a biologically salient stimulus is detected and coarsely processed already before categorical processing in temporal cortex takes place [94], [95].
