Sentence examples for pathway driver from inspiring English sources

For the majority of this disease, however, no Oncogene or pathway driver is known.

The equation [ p = 1 - (1 - (1 - (1 - u) d ) k ) Nm ] calculates the probability of cancer (p) and contains five parameters: the number of divisions (d), the number of stem cells (N × m), the number of critical rate-limiting pathway driver mutations (k), and the mutation rate (u).

No significant interaction between PIK3CA mutations or any of the other canonic pathway drivers and tamoxifen-treatment benefit was found.

We tested the clinical validity of PIK3CA mutations and other canonic pathway drivers to predict intrinsic resistance to adjuvant tamoxifen.

For similar reasons, we cannot exclude a potential reduced benefit from tamoxifen in patients whose tumors exhibit one of the canonic pathway drivers, like loss of PTEN and overexpression of HER2 and/or IGF-1R.

Recurrence-free interval improvement with tamoxifen versus control was assessed according to the presence or absence of canonic pathway drivers, by using Cox proportional hazard models, including a test for interaction.

Canonic pathway drivers are mutations in the PIK3CA gene [ 3], loss of expression or genetic alteration in the tumor-suppressor gene PTEN [ 4], and overexpression of growth factor receptors like human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) [ 5].

Since we considered associations to signaling pathways such driver pathways may represent a core that governs the change of the signaling apparatus in GBM.

Because of the absence of known single driver mutations other than the RAS-pathway drivers, there is currently no further subdivision of colon cancer tumors into molecularly defined subgroups that would allow drug development trials with novel subgroup-tailored approaches.

In addition to identifying common drivers of improved coverage, during synthesis and analysis we also categorized drivers by function—'enabling and direct' based on their role in the pathway from driver to performance improvement (Table 3).

Zanivan et al. [33] carried out phosphoproteomics to get the specific molecules involved in different cancer stages, observing that the cell growth and cell adhesion are altered pathways to driver malignant cells.