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The top of Figure 5 shows a magnification of the SC diagram in Figure 3(A), depicting the regular dynamics of the model, as the Lyapunov exponent stays non-positive on this pathway, corresponding to some periodic oscillatory activity in the model.
Lipids are accumulated in Y. lipolytica by two antagonist ways: first, de novo biosynthesis of fatty acids, which is an anabolic pathway, corresponding to the production, under defined conditions, of fatty acids precursors, such as acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, leads their integration in the lipids biosynthetic pathway (phospholipids, sphingolipids, triacylglycerol, etc).
This pathway is so called the Kennedy pathway (Beopoulos et al. 2009; Papanikolaou and Aggelis 2011) and second, ex novo pathway corresponding to the incorporation of fatty acids, triglycerides, or alkanes, from the culture medium to the interior of the cell.
Accordingly, the complete pathway corresponding to gluconic acid degradation, including gluconate kinase (PFREUD_01040) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PFREUD_04620) was identified, in agreement with gluconate utilization.
The C. raciborskii CS-505 genome encodes for only one hybrid NRPS-PKS pathway, corresponding to the CYN/doCYN biosynthesis cluster.
The number of elements in the vector is equal to the number of different proteins that is associated to the specific biological process or pathway corresponding to the column (See methods for details).
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Where there are walls, Pershin and Di Ventra switch off the corresponding interconnection so that the memristor grid is left with pathways corresponding to those on the original maze.
Two pathways corresponding to the top and bottom G-tetrad gates in human hybrid [3 + 1] form-one G-quadruplex were recorded.
Proteome analysis revealed that the signaling pathways corresponding to energy metabolism and its regulators were frequently altered by suppression or depletion of PML in the HBsAg-transgenic mice, mainly including oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism.
And while context is allowed to play a more prominent role and more factors are assessed simultaneously in systems approaches, they are typically only internal factors (cell-internal and body-internal), and typically targeted through interventions in specific molecular pathways (corresponding to aspects 1 and 3 above).
There is growing evidence for the existence of at least two distinct tumourigenetic pathways, corresponding to the development of type I and type II tumours [3], [6], [8] [10].
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