The Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway comprises of two major branches, the canonical (involving β-catenin) and the non-canonical pathways (independent of β-catenin), which share their main components: Wnts (the ligands) and Frizzleds (their corresponding receptors).
This pathway comprises of two reactions UDP -d-glucuronate synthesis from UDP -d-glucose, and the synthesis of UDP -d-xylose from UDP -d-glucuronate, whicatalyzedtalyzed by UDP -d-glucose 6-dehydrogenand and UDP -d-xylose synthase enzymes, respectively.
An in vitro synthetic enzymatic pathway comprised of 15 enzymes was designed to split water powered by sucrose to hydrogen.
An in vitro synthetic cofactor-free enzymatic pathway comprised of four hyperthermophilic enzymes was designed to produce FDP from starch and pyrophosphate.
In this review, the role of a signal transduction pathway comprised of the lipid kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and the serine/threonine kinase, Akt (or PKB), in chemotherapeutic resistance will be explored.
A three-step synthetic, composite pathway comprised of the enzymes dehydroshikimate dehydratase from Podospora anserina, protocatechuic acid decarboxylase from Enterobacter cloacae, and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from Candida albicans was imported into yeast.
This de novo ATP-free enzymatic pathway comprised of all hyperthermophilic enzymes could drastically decrease the manufacturing costs of FDP and its derivatives GA3P and DHAP, better than those catalyzed by ATP-regeneration cascade biocatalysis, the use of mesophilic enzymes, whole cell lysates, and microbial cell factories.
The so-called ISGylation is mediated by a multi-step pathway, comprised of activating (E1), conjugating (E2) and ligating (E3) enzyme components [ 30].
We characterized an olfactory-processing pathway, comprised of inhibitory projection neurons (iPNs) that target the LH exclusively, at morphological, functional and behavioral levels.
Flux through the bypass portion of the glyoxylate pathway, comprised of the isocitrate lyase (aceA) and malate synthase (aceB) reactions, is needed for optimal growth on acetate but not for growth on glucose.
In particular, a dorsally projecting pathway, known as the arcuate fasciculus, and a ventrally projecting pathway, comprised of temporal frontal connections via the extreme capsule, including the inferior fronto-occipital and the uncinate fasciculi (Schmahmann and Pandya, 2006; Anwander et al., 2007; Catani and Mesulam, 2008; Frey et al., 2008; Glasser and Rilling, 2008; Saur et al., 2008).
