Exact(60)
Fractures with subtrochanteric extension, and pathological fractures were excluded.
Humeral lesions may cause pain, disability and pathological fractures [2].
Pathological fractures in lung cancer patients are typically caused by osteolytic metastasis, visible as radiolucent areas.
The remaining four patients had repeated pathological fractures of a stage 3 proximal humeral lesions.
Pathological fractures have a significant negative effect on quality of life and increase mortality [44].
Open fractures, pathological fractures, and four-part fractures were excluded from study.
Criteria for excluding studies were: Reporting data from patients with peri-prosthetic and/or pathological fractures.
No bending or pathological fractures were seen amongst all the patients.
CT demonstrates pathological fractures in these areas consistent with insufficiency fractures (yellow arrow).
Curettage and acrylic cementing for pathological fractures has been described previously [15].
Surgery is indicated for intractable pain and for impending or established pathological fractures [8].
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