Sentence examples for pathogens within a host from inspiring English sources

The distribution of pathogens over their hosts, and the distribution of different pathogens within a host species, will affect the frequency of multiple infection of an individual host by different pathogens.

To test for association of different pathogens within a host, or for a given pathogen across different hosts, we follow the same process, as the expectation of a sum of observations will be equal to the sum of their expectations, and the corresponding sums of observations will be binomially distributed given the Xik.

Habitats clearly show spatial structure, both for macro-organisms in the wild and pathogens within a host.

We show that a key determinant of which treatment strategy will perform best at the individual level is the extent of effective competition between resistant and sensitive pathogens within a host.

Although using these technologies to analyze pathogens within a host is still in its infancy, initial studies indicate that these technologies will be valuable tools for understanding how the pathogen reacts to the in vivo microenvironment.

The number of pathogens within a host is shown in Figure 2 for 10 animals in a 'no' population with the following characteristics: β = 0.5; μ = 0.1; ω = 0.1; hi ~ U [0, 0.001], and ρi = λi = 0 for i = 1 to N. The duration and the number of pathogens generated were approximately the same for all animals because they depended on γ = 0.5 (equation 2).

The survival of a bacterial pathogen within a host depends upon its ability to outmaneuver the host immune response.

Similar guidelines apply to data based on demonstration of the pathogen within a host.

However, with the advent of real-time PCR, plant pathologist possesses the unprecedented ability to accurately quantify the specific pathogen within a host plant [ 32].

It arises through somatic evolution, by mutation and selection among pathogen cells within a host.

With close connections to epidemiological-scale modelling (Anderson and May 1991), this approach is most common for pathogens within an infected host, such as viruses (McLean et al. 1991; Bonhoeffer et al. 1997; Nowak and May 2000) or bacteria (Lipsitch and Levin 1997; Jumbe et al. 2003), but also used for cancer (Michor et al. 2005).