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Unlike in other bacterial pathogens in which OmpA can promote adherence, invasion, or serum resistance, the OmpA of Y. pestis is restricted to enhancing intracellular survival.
AiiA is a protein which can block the bacterial quorum sensing by hydrolyzing AHL-lactone, and could greatly attenuate the disease caused by many bacterial pathogens in which quorum sensing regulate the expression of virulence genes.
If achieved, this property can make the OMV approach in vaccine design a very promising methodology for the development of vaccines against some pathogens in which the antibody production have proven of limited efficacy.
Human GMPK is an obligate step for the activation of acyclic guanosine analogs, such as ganciclovir, which necessitate efficient phosphorylation, while GMPK from bacterial pathogens, in which this enzyme is essential, are potential targets for therapeutic inhibition.
These differences provide a selection pressure for pathogens in which adaptation to enhance iron scavenging from host-specific IBPs contributes to virulence [64].
The xcs and xps clusters for type II secretion are conserved, except in the rice pathogens, in which xcs is missing.
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This creates a replication niche for the pathogen in which V. cholerae is maintained even upon amoebal encystement, before it ultimately lyses the host25.
To approach the gene deletion challenge in C. albicans, a collaborative team led by James Collins and George Church, two Core Faculty members at Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, have developed a CRISPR-Cas9-based "gene drive" platform to create diploid strains of the pathogen in which both gene copies could be efficiently deleted.
Ebola virus (EBOV), of the genus Ebolavirus and family Filoviridae, was historically regarded as a re-emerging pathogen, in which natural infections of humans are sporadic and unpredictable, often with several years passing by before the emergence of a new case.
- Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular bacterial pathogen in which surface proteins have been intensively studied.
An infection sets in motion a, normally, well ordered cascade of defence mechanisms to eliminate the pathogen, in which innate and adaptive immune mechanisms cooperate.
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