Sentence examples for pathogens and also from inspiring English sources

Our model provides interesting insights into the pathogenic nature of these opportunistic facultative intracellular pathogens and also shows the reaction of the innate immune system to an infection in real time.

The mucosal immune system expresses active responses against pathogens and also tolerance against harmless food and commensal bacterial antigens.

To our knowledge, this is the first RLB protocol developed for identification of bacterial fish pathogens, and also constitutes the first molecular diagnosis tool available for P. baetica.

This study revealed that biofilm is considered as a sustainable source of contamination of dairy products with these pathogens, and also emphasized the need of paying more attention to the cleaning and sanitizing processes of food contact surfaces.

In addition, autophagy is central for innate immune surveillance of pathogens and also affects MHC class II presentation [70].

Moreover, this group of bacteria could produce secondary metabolites to suppress plant pathogens and also produce compounds to promote plant growth (Idris et al. 2007).

After attaining a height of 15 20 cm, these plants were used for testing pathogenicity against pathogen and also for further experiments.

"This leads to long-lasting, broad-spectrum systemic resistance to infections against the initial attacking pathogen and also against other viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens," Klessig says.

Phosphorous acid exhibits a complex mode of action, acting both directly on the pathogen and also indirectly by stimulating host defence responses to ultimately inhibit pathogen growth (Tomlin [2006]).

However, the use of these chemicals are associated with negative impact like hazards to human, damage the beneficial soil micro-organisms, development of resistance by pathogen and also cause environmental pollution (Ragunathan and Divakar 1996).

ROS contribute to host defense by killing the invading pathogen and also act as a second messenger that induce release of chemokines and cytokines.