Microbial genotyping is essential for forensic discrimination of pathogen strains, tracing epidemics, and understanding evolutionary processes.
Dong, S. et al. The Phytophthora sojae avirulence locus Avr3c encodes a multi-copy RXLR effector with sequence polymorphisms among pathogen strains.
Additional heterogeneities in transmission are shown to be necessary to facilitate coexistence of wildtype and modified pathogen strains.
For a commercial product, though, a single resistance gene will not be enough, he says, because it would likely lead to the emergence of pathogen strains resistant to that gene.
We introduce and analyze coupled, multi-strain epidemic models designed to simulate the emergence and dissemination of mutant (e.g. drug-resistant) pathogen strains.
Background: Standard epidemiological theory claims that in structured populations competition between multiple pathogen strains is a deterministic process which is mediated by the basic reproduction number (R0) of the individual strains.
Additionally, when using targeted fungicides with single-site mode of action, potential to select pathogen strains with resistance increases with the size of the pathogen population (amount of diseased tissue) being treated.
He is interested in the epidemiological modeling of health policies regarding infectious disease, particularly the perverse effects when interactions between pathogens and between individual pathogen strains are taken into account.
Moreover, resistance is affected by environment and the appearance of virulent pathogen strains (Hausbeck and Lamour,2004).
The results indicated that the genes in combinations were more effective against the pathogen strains than a single resistance gene alone.
Chen and Kang [23] introduced a Lévy noise into the multistrain SIS epidemic model and investigated its effects on the spread of infectious disease with multiple pathogen strains.
