There was no strong statistical evidence of differences between any of the maternal and paternal estimates except with regard to parental smoking during pregnancy and offspring AMH levels (for difference between maternal and paternal estimates, P = 0.06).
Numbers included in analyses are presented in Figure 1 and Tables 1– 4. Differences between maternal and paternal estimates were tested using a Wald test in a model in which both maternal and paternal estimates were included.
Maternal and paternal estimates of exposure were related to the risk of ALL in their offspring using logistic regression and adjusting for potential confounders.
Paternal illness is estimated to lead to a four percentage point increase in in the probability of any income-generating work and a three percentage point increase in the probability of any household chores; the latter effect is significant at the 1% level.
The estimated paternal PBB was calculated using the above formula.
The probable continental paternal ancestry was estimated following the geographical origin of each haplogroup.
In multivariate analyses, we ran a series of models with potential confounders and maternal or paternal enrollment PBB, estimated PBB at conception or enrollment PCB exposure.
Associations of offspring BMI with all cause and cause specific maternal and paternal mortality were estimated as hazard ratios per standard deviation of offspring BMI.
Prediction accuracies were defined by the correlation of the true (simulated) and estimated paternal additive genetic effects for each underlying trait.
Considering the estimated paternal contribution by Europeans for modern Jamaicans is estimated at just over 40% [ 10], African-European admixture may have played an important role in the legacy of the slave population.
