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The fact that the "exometabolome" differs in composition from that inside of living cells may not be the ultimate proof, as it seems possible that dead cells do not only contribute metabolites that were free molecules when the cell was still alive, but also through (active or passive) breakdown of biomolecules after the cells disintegrate.
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Data on the nucleation and growth of 2D anodic oxide films, details on the atomic structure and nanostructure of 3D passive films, the preferential role of surface step edges in dissolution in the passive state and the preferential role of grain boundaries of the passive films in passivity breakdown are presented.
Metal passivation and passive film breakdown in aqueous systems are complex processes.
The passive region is followed by pitting corrosion as a result of passivity breakdown by the aggressive attack of SCN− anions.
Under well-controlled potential conditions, the sulfate coverage increases with the electrode potential until the passive film breakdown occurs.
They exhibited a higher electrochemical stability because of the absence of passive film breakdown and an enhanced electrical resistance to charge transfer.
These observations preclude the current models of passive film breakdown, which invariably involve chloride incorporation, while the final finding suggests a chemomechanical effect.
Since the steel is in an active state, the classic theories attributing pitting to the passive film breakdown do not apply.
Potentiodynamic anodic polarization results revealed that the passive film breakdown was initiated in the crack opening, and that the concentration of chloride ions and corrosion products induced severe damage near to the DDC.
Corrosion resistance of the coatings was further improved by adding TaC into the cladding material because of the formation of Ta2O5 on the surfaces of the coatings, including the increase in reaction resistance and the retardation in passive film breakdown.
Potential-controlled electrochemical polarization experiments carried out in dilute chloride solutions show that stimulation of alloy dissolution without inducing passive film breakdown significantly ennobles a subsequently measured pitting potential.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com