This passage variation affects the standard deviation.
This is the first demonstration of a near single-cell suspension culture method allowing the expansion of undifferentiated mES cells over prolonged periods and represents a significant improvement on current ES cell culture techniques by eliminating batch-wise enzymatic passaging variation and offering significantly decreased operator times.
Therefore, near-single cell suspension culture of mES cells in shake flasks is as efficient as the best methods described, but offers the advantage of not been subjected to batch-wise enzymatic passaging variation and is a significant improvement compared to many current methods of ES cell culture.
In subsequent passages slight variations in the individual expression levels of Krt14 and Krt18 (data not shown) and a significant fluctuation in the number of cytokeratin-expressing cells ranging from 40 to 70% were observed.
Are these passages repetitions, variations, or new?
First, it is known that repeated in vitro passaging or variation in culture methods can lead to alterations in the biological behavior of cells, and unexpected changes in the metastatic patterns of cancer cell lines have been described previously (El-Mabhouh et al., 2008).
Nullah's disappearance into the desert, leaving the whites behind, is framed as a triumphant anti-colonial moment, but Luhrmann confuses the issue by accompanying the scene with, of all things, the stirring "Nimrod" passage from "Enigma Variations," by Edward Elgar, the composer perhaps most closely associated with the glories of empire.
All cell lines were used within 10 to 12 passages to avoid variations.
To conduct the experiments, all lines were used within 20 passage numbers to reduce variations due to cell line characteristic alterations.
Observations on the genetic and phenotypic variation in C. albicans populations showed higher rates of chromosome-level genetic variations during passage in the mouse relatively to in vitro growth [9], and in strains isolated from the digestive tract of healthy individuals [10].
