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SIRT6 was also observed to progressively decline with passage in human fibroblasts (Mao et al., 2012).
The parasites were maintained by continuous passage in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) as previously described [51].
HSV-2 strain 333 was isolated from a genital lesion and underwent limited passage in human cells [28].
Polioviruses of all three serotypes in Sabin live tri-valent OPV, like all other polioviruses, readily accumulate mutations during passage in human hosts.
Parasites were maintained by in vitro passage in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF cells) [ 36].
Tachyzoites were grown by 2-day serial passage in human foreskin fibroblasts.
Similar(51)
All these parameters were similar in the transmission studies of primary and secondary vCJD in transgenic mice, indicating that the strain properties of the vCJD agent have not changed significantly following secondary passage in humans.
Although it has been hypothesized that adaptation of the BSE agent through secondary passage in humans may result in a greater risk of onward transmission due to an increased virulence of the agent for humans, our data presented here in two murine models suggest no significant alterations to transmission efficiency of the agent following human-to-human transmission of vCJD.
Yet another explanation could be that SARS-CoV is attenuated by serial passage in humans.
Evidence from malariotherapy showed that P. knowlesi could lose or increase its virulence on blood passage in humans, which suggests that strain difference could occur in wild populations and might effect humans differently (2 ).
However, an additional important determinant of adaptation is the length of the longest transmission chain (Figure 5C), i.e. the number of "serial passages" in human hosts.
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