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ep, epidermis; ex, exodermis; sc, sclerenchyma layer; me, mesodermis; ae, aerenchyma lacunae; en, endodermis; pe, pericycle; mx, metaxylem; cmx, central metaxylem; pp, protophloem; cc, companion cells; mp, metaphloem; pc, endodermis passage cell; px, protoxylem; ph, phloem.
We considered carefully the choice of low passage cell lines vs. intact tumors for these experiments.
We found that early passage cell lines already exhibit various XCI states similar to cell lines after prolonged culture.
This high proliferative rate of Mel-mix cultured adult melanocytes typically lasts until the 10th passage, then proliferation slows, and by about the 15th passage, cell growth arrests.
After thawing and at every passage cell viability was assessed to > 95%% (data not shown).
Normally, after the third passage, cell cultures contained >95% Schwann cells.
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Third to fifth passage cells were used for next experiments.
Cells were cultured for a maximum of 4 weeks before thawing fresh, early passage cells.
Early passage cells demonstrated increased proliferation with flow compared to static conditions (36% increase, day 5, P = 0.03); late passage cells had no statistically significant increase (P = 0.42).
(4) Only early passage cells were used to maintain a stable cell phenotype.
Senescent cells induced 26% less SMC migration than early passage cells (n = 3, P = 0.03).
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