Sentence examples for partner populations from inspiring English sources

The fitness model shows that if two partner populations inhibit each other sufficiently strongly compared to their basal fitness, population ratios may diverge rapidly.

Only in cooperation conferring large fitness benefits to both partners, the two partner populations appeared to be extensively 'intermixed', manifested as the two different cell types successively piling on top of each other.

Similarly, specialized mutualistic lineages should be vulnerable to perturbations in partner populations [ 30- 36] and the geographic distribution and spread of specialized mutualists could be limited by partner availability [ 37- 44].

In and, frequently one of the populations (green) either formed a column or became covered by the partner population (red).

However, cooperative benefits are unlikely to be available in large excess because of the potential fitness cost of generating benefits and because of competition for these benefits in the partner population.

Equation (3) states that S, the amount of limiting nutrient in a diffusion grid, depends on three processes: i) diffusion of nutrient with diffusion constant D, ii) uptake of nutrients (Walther et al., 2005) by cells (U), and iii) in cooperative communities, release of nutrients by the partner population (Q).

It has been suggested that the mutualism is characteristic of agronomic grasses and that differential rates of gene flow between both partners' populations are expected to disrupt the specificity of the association and, thus, the mutualism in wild grasses.

As discussed above, the existence of structured populations or the genetic correspondence between both partners' populations could be indicative of genetic specificity (Thompson 2005), but the impacts of gene flow on mutualism effectiveness, compatibility and endophyte transmission for the endophyte-grass symbiosis are largely unknown.

This is attributed to differential gene flow rates between partners' populations causing maladaptation or genetic mismatching, a process that has been proposed to destabilize mutualism and explain the loss of infection and variation in infection frequency in wild populations (Saikkonen et al. 2004; Sullivan and Faeth 2004).

Thus, the differential gene flow rate between both partners' populations is seen as a disrupting force for the compatibility between the fungus and the host grass, which is a basic condition for the effectiveness and prevalence of mutualism (see Glossary; Saikkonen et al. 2004; Thompson 2005).

When male lizards largely outnumber females, they direct their aggressiveness toward mating partners, population biologists report.