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Open image in new window Fig. 3 Partition hypothesis of chloride diffusion through cracked concrete.
15 Under physiological acidic conditions, aspirin is absorbed in its lipid state by passive diffusion across the gastric mucosal membrane according to the pH partition hypothesis.
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We formulate a spatial trait variance partitioning hypothesis to highlight the spatial scales at which ITV cannot be ignored in ecological studies.
An alternative explanation for the evolution of sex-specific traits is the "intersexual niche partitioning" hypothesis.
The "intersexual niche partitioning" hypothesis assumes that trophic niche partitioning functions to reduce competition between the sexes.
The intersexual niche partitioning hypothesis predicts certain sex-specific distribution patterns, but empirical examination of underlying explanations is not straightforward [6], [8].
It was proposed that sexual dimorphism in trophic morphology in a direction not predicted by sexual selection would support the intersexual niche partitioning hypothesis [6], [17].
For example, intersexual differences in head size and hence in prey handling and prey selection in lizards was suggested to support the intersexual niche partitioning hypothesis [18].
Divergence in trophic niche between the sexes may function to reduce competition between the sexes ("intersexual niche partitioning hypothesis"), or may be result from differential selection among the sexes on maximizing reproductive output ("sexual selection hypothesis").
The "intersexual niche partitioning" hypothesis assumes that trophic dimorphism evolves to reduce competition between the sexes over limited resources, and this hypothesis has received wide support in studies of snakes [16].
Sexual dimorphism in trophic morphology in a direction not predicted by sexual selection might be interpreted as evidence to support the "intersexual niche partitioning" hypothesis [6], [17], and the observed sexual dimorphism with smaller chelicerae in males is theoretically in accordance with this idea.
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