Moderate drinking does not lead to AF, but excessive alcohol consumption does, particularly in the setting of binge drinking.
Delirium is a common occurrence in older hospitalised patients, particularly in the setting of surgical intervention and acute illness.
The main concern, particularly in the setting of severe TBI, is that hypercapnia may contribute to increased cerebral blood volume, hyperemia, and promote intracranial hypertension32,33.
How cardiovascular (CV) events affect progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), particularly in the setting of type 2 diabetes, remains uncertain.
We also must ensure that adequate tissue is triaged for molecular studies which are essential for designing therapy regimens, particularly in the setting of disease relapse.
Vascular endothelial growth factor is a potent angiogenic inducer (particularly in the setting of ischemia, hypoxia, or both) and is postulated to promote tissue healing.
Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that mechanical ventilation contributes to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI), particularly in the setting of lung-injurious ventilator strategies.
Resection of IPMNs, particularly in the setting of high-grade dysplasia, is presumed to provide a survival benefit.
Intramural gas may extend beyond the bowel wall into portomesenteric veins, particularly in the setting of bowel ischaemia [11, 12].
Cardiac injuries are among the most lethal in thoracic trauma patients, particularly in the setting of penetrating trauma [2].
Future rational vaccine design efforts should incorporate Tfh measurement as an immune correlate of protection, particularly in the setting of aging.
