Particularly, compounds A1 and A2 exhibited significant better activity than other four compounds and A2 even showed comparable cytotoxicity to cisplatin against HepG-2 cell line.
The derivatives obtained, particularly compounds 14j, 14m, 15g, 15j, and 15s, showed relatively high enzyme activity and moderate blood glucose-lowering efficacy in normal ICR mice (GK activation fold >1.7, PPARγ activation percentage >38.8%, relative to rosiglitazone).
The compounds exhibited very potent in vitro antileishmanial activities, particularly compounds 65 67, with IC50 values of 0.16, 0.33 and 0.2 µM, for compounds 65, 66 and 67, respectively.
Various effects were recorded upon chemical transformation of 2 into 7 20, particularly compounds 8, 9 and 14 that appeared to be the most active products among aldehyde derivatives 7 14.
Particularly, compound 19m alleviated mitochondrial damage remarkably and possessed protective effects against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity.
Particularly, compound 3a was more potent than 5-fluorouracil against all tested human cancer cell lines.
Particularly, compounds 1 and 10 were the most potent inhibitors of the series.
Particularly, compound 3g showed good antiproliferative activity against SMMC-7721 (IC50 = 0.71 μM).
Particularly, compounds 10c, 10f and 10g show high inhibitory activity on these human cancer cell lines (IC50: 2.39–9.34 μM).
