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Despite the overall mortality figures appearing consistent, there were some differences in the mortality figures around particular reefs.
This coral growth during such warm periods adds a new facet to the ongoing discussion about the reaction of neritic carbonate factories, in particular reefs, to global warming.
Such high-nutrient input in the shallow-water realm would also reduce the growth potential of the neritic carbonate factories in particular reefs (Hallock and Schlager 1986).
Many previous studies have documented mass coral mortality events and ecologically significant reductions in coral cover on particular reefs [15]-[19] [15]-[19]uthroughoutbbean [12], and across the Great Barrier Reef [20], [21].
This observation, along with earlier population genetic and host association studies of this symbiont "type" in the western Atlantic Ocean [22] [24], [34], led us to hypothesize that the Symbiodinium "type" B1 populations of M. faveolata and M. annularis would exhibit endemism to particular reefs, host specificity and within-colony stability through time.
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Now, upon Flannery's return, the state of this particular reef has advanced to the point where it appears about 30% of the coral has died.
"What we do know is what we can see in areas like the Bahamas where you go to a particular reef and all you can see is lionfish," says Sean Morton, superintendent of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, a 3,900-square-mile 3,900-square-mile 3,900-square-mileo Dry Tortugas National park.
He and his colleagues will start looking for patterns, including how distant a particular reef is from the coast, its water quality, and the impacts of fishing and tourism, "to see if we can get some clues why some reefs are more vulnerable".
"This particular reef is to the deep sea what the Great Barrier Reef is for the world".
The association of host lineages (mtDNA) and genetic clusters (nDNA) with particular reef-environments rather than geographic location is consistent with divergence occurring through ecologically-based selection.
The strong association of host and symbiont genotypes with particular reef environments presents a compelling case for ecological speciation, corroborating previous evidence [13] [15] that ecologically-based divergent selection may be an important mechanism for diversification on coral reefs.
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