In particular, adaptive optics imaging from the Keck telescope in Hawaii and imaging from the Hubble telescope have allowed astronomers to monitor Io's active volcanoes.
In particular, the viewing optics has been designed in order to achieve low aberrations and distortions.
In particular, the extraction optics plays an important role in the initial beam transport and the quality of the beam supplied to the mass separators.
Relevant high-frequency scattering models have been developed in electromagnetic applications, in particular, the geometrical optics (GO), Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD) and its uniform corrections (UAT and UTD), Kirchhoff approximation (KA) and Physical Theory of Diffraction (PTD).
The classical and quantum chaotic dynamics is discussed, in particular in an atom optics Fermi accelerator.
For this particular setting of the optics, the calculated DOF is 2.6 μm for a 510 eV incident beam and 40 nm outer zone width.
We argue in favor of renewing didactic tools used in education, in general, and in teaching GO (geometric optics) in particular.
The turning marks will increase the scattering and deteriorate the performance of optics, in particular for those used at very short wavelength like extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) and X-ray optics.
In parallel, it was realized that the interaction of superconducting qubits with quantized electromagnetic field modes reproduces, in the microwave range, a plethora of effects known from quantum optics (in particular, cavity QED) with qubits playing the role of atoms ('circuit QED', [7 9]).
In AbR, the success (leading to the 'emergence' in Public Health optics) of a particular resistant bacterial clone might depend on the success of a particular resistance mutation in an optimal epigenetic context (Rosenthal and Elowitz 2012; Livnat 2013; Martínez 2013; Toprak et al. 2013), and its location on a successful genetic background (see below).
