While there are many different optimisation algorithms (e.g. in [5], genetic algorithms were used for colour quantisation, while in [6], particle swarm optimisation [7] was utilised), the approach in [8] employs a modification of the well-known simulated annealing algorithm.
Scanning and transmission electron microscopes were used to characterize the intermetallic particles, and scanning Kelvin probe microscopy was utilised in monitoring the surface potential.
An Eulerian Lagrangian scheme was utilised to track mono-dispersed particles (10 and 20μm) at a breathing rate of 10 L/min.
An artificial tumour model was utilised, based on diffusion chambers (DC) filled with antigen-coated polymer particles, implanted i.p. in normal, immunocompetent mice (NMRI/BOM).
Similar data representation was utilised in research concerning various ranges of the effective diameters of particles as the measure of their morphology in a specimen [ 12– 14] is described later.
Every empty space was utilised.
A multi-element baseline design was utilised.
An exploratory research design was utilised.
The total residual correction mode was utilised.
