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Some report that ultrafine particles may cause damage to the body due to their higher activity and selectivity[13].
Thus, the nanoscale of the particles may cause the rise of unforeseen characteristics exhibited in the same compound in bulk.
Another possibility that the cross field velocity difference between the reflected ions and incident solar wind particles may cause some nonresonant instability, such as modified two-stream instability.
Nano-TiO2 particles may cause genetic toxicity through changing the structure of molecular complex and the permeability of cell membrane [13 15].
Hauck et al. (2006) proposed that the sinking iron particles may cause motions within the fluid of the stable snow zone and, thereby, provide the driving force for the magnetic field of Ganymede.
It was found that the addition of ZnO particles may cause the disruption of phase separation and, hence, affect thermal and mechanical behavior of segmented polycarbonate-based polyurethane nanocomposites.
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A very slight variation in the impact of the fluid flow on the particle, for example as a result of particle-particle interaction, may cause the particle to travel in a totally different route.
The first is that the contents of DHP and MHP are higher at the start of the culture probably due to the effect of mechanical stirring and to the coalescence of lipid particles, which may cause a decrease in pigment content at 48 h.
Agglomerates of ultrafine particles (AUFPs) may cause adverse health effects because of their large surface area.
Particulate matter, especially ultrafine particles (UFPs), may cause health effects through generation of oxidative stress, with resulting damage to DNA and other macromolecules.
However, most MOPSO algorithms only adopt a single search strategy to update the velocity of each particle, which may cause some difficulties when tackling complex MOPs.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com