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This course combines the analysis and application of important planning and management concepts with a participatory orientation, with the analysis and evaluation of case-study experiences from Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Focus group interviews are effective in obtaining data within a participatory orientation; the interaction between participants creates possibilities for richness and depth of the information obtained.
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A number of the partnerships initially worked together on fairly straightforward epidemiological surveys; and gradually moved towards a participatory action research orientation.
Participatory research is 'an orientation to inquiry' and can be regarded as a methodology that argues in favour of the significance and usefulness of involving research partners in a knowledge-production process that is reflexive, flexible and iterative [ 44].
The core characteristics that we have chosen to explore (long-term partnerships, interdisciplinary approaches, participatory action research, and impact orientation) are simply those that are illustrated most vividly across the ten case studies.
These include result-orientation, conservation auctions, participatory approach in setting the economic parameters of the scheme and local organization.
Action oriented futures studies and participatory futures studies are in close connection, because orientation towards actions and participation of non-professionals can be strengthened by their mutual interdependence in futures work.
31 32 It is strongly aligned with community-based participatory research (CBPR) which is an orientation to research which focuses on the relationship between research partners and is one that involves an equitable partnership between researchers and members of the community.
The implementation of participatory approaches requires flexibility and process-orientation.
Drawing on insights from a participatory backcasting process that adopted a practice orientation within an overarching transitions framework, this paper adds two related dimensions to the productivist paradigm in urban food futures research.
Organize 'sessions of reflection and consultation' for all the partners involved in the programme, seizing these opportunities to give orientation on the concept of the participatory approach in the microplanning process and support for women-specific activities.
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