Thus, the need for a standardization of cardiovascular pre-participation screening of competitive athletes for sports eligibility has emerged, since athletes with underlying, masked cardiomyopathy may be at risk of lethal consequences during physical exertion.
Mr. Li's festival and two others, one in Nanjing in October and one in Chongqing in November — each with varying degrees of official participation — screen works by graduates of the Beijing Film Academy and other state schools.
The high rate of false-positive ECGs in athletes is the main criticism of pre-participation screening with ECG.
Pre-participation medical screening of athletes is a controversial topic [ 17, 18].
Between November 2010 and January 2014 , 2491male athletes (exercising ≥6 h/week) presented at Aspetar Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Hospital for pre-participation cardiac screening, of whom 1367 were Arabic, 748 black and 376 Caucasian.
Echocardiography is currently a widely available imaging technique that can provide useful data in the field of sports cardiology particularly in two areas: pre-participation screening and analysis of the cardiac adaptation induced by exercise.
The application of pre-participation screening and especially, the type and number of used diagnostic tests remains controversial.
At the time of pre-participation screening, the athlete reported no cardiovascular symptoms and no family history of SCD.
The paper by Grazioli and colleagues provides a comprehensive review on the current knowledge and the clinical implications of echocardiography when applied to the evaluation of athlete's heart in the context of pre-participation screening.
The United Nations has suspended its participation in the screening of Afghan refugees in Pakistan, saying the government forcibly deported more than 130.
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/958/prepub The authors gratefully acknowledge the collaboration of Catarina Vales and Vânia Rocha for the participation in the screening of reference lists and data extraction.
