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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
participated led to
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "participated led to" is not correct in English and seems to be a combination of two separate ideas.
It cannot be used as it stands, as it lacks grammatical coherence. Example: "The research that we participated in led to significant findings."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Encyclopedias
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
Pretesting of the questionnaire on a random sample (n = 90 of which 45 participated) led to minor reformulations of some questions to ensure comprehensibility and manageability.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
Second, although the free cinema ticket and the relaxed athmosphere in which the students asked people to participate led to a surprisingly high response rate of 90%, some participation bias (involuntary selection of participants by the students) cannot be excluded.
Science
Reduced mental capacity, lack of available choices or not being given the opportunity to participate led to non-involvement.
Science
Subsequent negotiations with the federal government, in which Yukon First Nations representatives also participated, have led to devolution and revenue sharing for other nonrenewable resources as well as forestry.
Encyclopedias
The young ones may not know how the 1960's riots their fathers and grandfathers participated in led to the situation they and their communities are in now, but they do know that the cops are dirty, and they know no one in their neighborhoods owns planes, ships, trains, and cargo trucks to be moving "weight" [large amounts of drugs] into their neighborhoods.
News & Media
Promising results from the self-report measures combined with meaningful feedback from the patients participating, leads us to the conclusion that it would be worthwhile to further develop this line of clinical research.
Science
Since the limited number of participating therapists led to a small number of participating patients, our sample might not be representative for the whole population of secondary mental health care patients coping with depression, especially since it is such a diverse population.
Science
Recruiting volunteers to participate likely led to a bias of having individuals who are interested in the topic of IPV screening participate in our research.
The country's broadcaster said the "high costs necessary to participate" had led to the decision.
News & Media
In the pilot study, all patients (≥65 years of age) who were admitted to the Vlietland hospital between June and October 2010 were asked to participate, which led to the inclusion of 500 older patients at baseline.
Science
32 The difficulties experienced in practice by our participating GPs led to suggestions of how to make evidence-based guidelines more viable in patients with multimorbidity a necessary step, since guidelines are indispensable in the current era, as was confirmed by the participants.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Ensure grammatical correctness by using a complete verb phrase such as "participating led to" or rephrasing to "participation resulted in" to avoid the grammatical error Ludwig AI identifies.
Common error
Avoid using "participated led to" without a proper conjunction or linking verb. This creates a grammatically incorrect phrase that can confuse readers. Always ensure a complete and coherent verb phrase.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
2.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "participated led to" functions incorrectly as it combines a past tense verb with another verb phrase without proper grammatical structure. As Ludwig AI points out, it needs a linking word or rephrasing to be correct.
Frequent in
Science
35%
News & Media
30%
Encyclopedias
20%
Less common in
Wiki
5%
Formal & Business
5%
Reference
5%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "participated led to" is flagged by Ludwig AI as grammatically incorrect due to its incomplete verb structure. While it attempts to convey a cause-and-effect relationship, it requires either a gerund form ("")participating led to" or a rephrasing like "participation resulted in". While occurrences can be found across Science, News & Media and Encyclopedias, its low frequency and grammatical inaccuracy suggest avoiding this phrasing in formal writing. Ensure clarity and grammatical correctness by using complete verb phrases to avoid ambiguity. Use alternative phrasings such as "active participation led to", "taking part resulted in" or involvement resulted in.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
active participation led to
Highlights the degree of participation as active, emphasizing the level of engagement.
participation resulted in
Replaces the verb "participated" with the noun "participation" for a more formal tone, emphasizing the act of participating.
involvement led to
Substitutes "participated" with "involvement", highlighting the degree of engagement in an activity.
engagement caused
Focuses on the causal effect of being engaged, swapping "led to" with "caused" for direct causation.
taking part resulted in
Replaces "participated" with the more explicit "taking part", clarifying the action of participation.
taking part brought about
Emphasizes the action of taking part and its effect, using 'brought about' to express the consequence.
contribution produced
Highlights the positive impact of the participation, using "contribution" and "produced" to suggest a valuable outcome.
playing a role led to
Emphasizes the role someone played in an event, clarifying their specific contribution.
being a part of caused
Uses a more conversational tone, specifying the causal relationship of being involved.
joining resulted in
Focuses on the act of joining something and its consequent results.
FAQs
How can I correct the phrase "participated led to"?
To correct "participated led to", add a linking word or rephrase the sentence. For example, use "participating led to" or "participation resulted in".
What are some alternatives to "participated led to"?
Alternatives include "involvement resulted in", "taking part brought about", or "engagement caused".
Is "participated led to" grammatically correct?
No, "participated led to" is grammatically incorrect. It requires a connecting word to form a complete verb phrase. Correct usage includes "participating led to".
What's the difference between "participating led to" and "participation led to"?
"Participating led to" uses a gerund, emphasizing the action, while "participation led to" uses a noun, focusing on the concept. Both are grammatically correct, but convey slightly different meanings.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
2.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested