Exact(4)
However, instability in parenting may instead reflect fluctuations in parental states, situational factors and child behaviors.
In the current simulations, daughters inherit their parental states when cells divide (Sarge and Park-Sarge, 2005).
We use the term epimutation rates for μ u,0→1 and μ u,1→0, but stress that they describe the combined effects of reset parental states and de novo modifications occurring in the offspring.
For this, variants were first phased by parental states, then a most likely state (B73 homozygous, CG homozygous, or heterozygous) was determined in 5 Mbp sliding window across the genome using a least squares based method.
Similar(56)
And off she ran like a car with no brake A trail of giggles lay way in her wake And fearing every imaginable harm I bolted up too and reached for her arm The rest of the meal she sat on my lap One hand on her waist, the other my wrap Scarfing down grub at a dizzying rate I pondered my sorry parental state We've tried that and this to keep her from fleeing Maybe this is just the core of her being?
Alternatively, or additionally, reduced AR protein may be associated with a transition into a parental state.
We measured the level of parental state anxiety using the Spielberger state trait anxiety inventory, Dutch version.
Thus, consistent with earlier observations (Allshire et al. 1994; Grewal and Klar 1996), the parental state can influence the transcriptional state of the progeny through an epigenetic mechanism.
There were only fragmentary indications that this might have been so: birds from small natal broods (which may reflect low parental quality or poor parental state) acquired a reversal more slowly, were relatively slow to autoshape and to extinguish responding.
The cost of each character change event from a parent to child along an edge is weighted as a substitution cost of the parental state to the child state on the edge.
The Chr 5 Pfmdr1 amplification which has been associated with Mefloquine resistance [ 79, 80] and is widely detected in natural parasite populations [ 76], exhibited both loss and gain of copies compared to the parental state.
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