Sentence examples for parental breeding from inspiring English sources

Given high putative genetic variance, non-parental breeding values would be increasingly confounded with the associated (and extreme) liabilities, while parental breeding values would be based on the liabilities of multiple offspring (normally on both sides of the threshold), making the latter less extreme (and closer to the true values).

Consider the vectors of parental breeding values y0 = (y1, y2, …, y N), environmental effects e = (e1, …, e N) and their phenotype z0 = y0 + e, to which a selection function W z) is applied.

Based on the moderately positive correlation between estimated parental breeding values from the mean and variance models for untransformed data (DHGLM2) of the current dataset, scaling effects may explain some of the genetic heterogeneity of within-family variance.

To avoid bias problems typical of animal threshold models [ 20], genetic (co variance components were estimated with an algorithm that was based on parental breeding values only [ 21], while all other dispersion and location parameters were estimated as in a standard animal threshold model.

The breeding values for the subsequent generations were obtained using the following equation: where a sj and a dj are the parental breeding values and MS i is a term for Mendelian sampling given by where is the average inbreeding coefficient of the parents of individual i and V a is the genetic variance.

Furthermore, the putative genetic variance has different impacts on parental and non-parental breeding values, which may explain the better results obtained with AnimB (and SireDam).

Examples of direct benefits include increased fertility, fecundity, resource provision, parental provision, breeding territories or a reduction in predation and harassment risks [ 3].

Several genomic scenarios were tested, where the size of the training population for trait 1, and the number of genotyped candidates pre-selected based on their parental estimated breeding value, varied.

However, these Databases are the main tool for enterprises when they want to update their internal information, for example when a plant breeder enterprise needs to enrich its genetic information (internal structured Database) with recently discovered genes related to specific phenotypic traits (external unstructured data) in order to choose the desired parentals for breeding programs.

The database can help them in unravelling the genetics of economically important phenotypic traits; in identifying and choosing molecular markers associated to key traits; and in choosing the desired parentals for breeding programs.

Thanks to the way in which the database is organized, it can help the breeders in unravelling the genetics of economically important phenotypic traits; in identifying and choosing molecular markers associated to key traits; in identifying alleles of such markers associated to trait positive variants; and in choosing the desired parentals for breeding programs.