However, this overlooks a critical alternative aspect, an increased sensitivity to the potentially positive impact of positive parenting effects on susceptible children's development (see Pluess & Belsky, 2010; for a fuller consideration of this).
For that purpose, we extended an existing mating model by including a temporal distance (i.e. flowering time difference between potential parents) effect on mating probabilities.
Other aspects of resource utilization have not been looked into, especially the time spent on care for the patient, amount of hours lost from the job by the parents, effect on salary, on household expenditure and so on.
However, the parent material effects on paddy soil evolution seem to diminish with the lapse of time and vary considerably among different soil properties or processes.
Five studies [ 49, 52, 60, 61, 64] used all three types of parenting education with varying effects on parent outcomes.
In the standard imprinting conflict, offspring compete for limited resources, usually supplied by a parent, and have effects on siblings.
Triploid F1 hybrids generated via reciprocal interploidy crosses between genetically distinct parental plants can display parent-of-origin effects on gene expression or phenotypes.
We found genome-wide significant paternal parent-of-origin effects on chromosome 14q12 (P = 3.74 × 10 −8) and suggestive maternal parent-of-origin effects on chromosome 5p13 (P = 1.16 × 10 −7).
Others [ 38, 39, 51] used relatively minimal forms of parenting education (information only) and found effects on parent outcomes.
Interventions with parent and child components had positive effects on parent-child interactions and child development.
