The requirements for the IRR camera were defined by the need to have a camera system that would allow for the examination of paintings and light-sensitive works on paper and parchment such as illuminated manuscripts.
Previous attempts to get DNA from parchment did not work well, but by using modern sequencing techniques, researchers can now get abundant livestock DNA from parchment, such as the 16th century deed from Lancashire, U.K., shown above, the team reports online today in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B.
Pottery, silver coins, iron arrowheads, limestone pitchers, scraps of parchment — such are the seemingly mundane yields of many archaeological excavations, and they are prevalent here as well.
Parchment artefacts, such as the Dead Sea Scrolls, The Vinland Map and J. S. Bach manuscripts have been the research focus for conservators and conservation scientists, investigating deterioration pathways and effective methods for conservation [3 7].
This paper provided an economical surface for writing or printing; other substrates, such as parchment and papyrus, were less plentiful and more costly to prepare than paper.
He said he would have expected digs to reveal seal impressions and everyday writings on pottery, even if more important texts, like biblical ones, had been done on perishable materials such as parchment or papyrus.
Organic materials such as parchment and paper are not detected by means of XRF.
Indeed, numerous papers demonstrate the utility of infrared spectrometric analysis of pigments and ink [11], binders like gum arabic [12] and egg white [13] as well as of supports such as parchment [14].
It is interesting from the data presented in Table 1 that collagen and gelatine hold different percentages of water at the same RH, because this implies that in composite collagen and gelatine materials, such as parchment, the percentage of overall water content in the collagen and gelatine phases will be different.
Spectra of collagen and parchment are similar, with few exceptions such as the absorption at 1031 cm−1 in parchment which is absent in collagen; this can be assigned to aromatic C C vibrational modes in tannins, and has been proposed as a marker for tannin-processing of parchment [66].
Previously, the system has been used to image heritage objects such as burnt parchment manuscript rolls [24] and historical film footage [25].
