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A new architecture of the effusion sources and substrate relative disposition for epitaxial growth is proposed which discards any re-vaporized parasitic flow of molecules and which is aimed to warranty reproducible and reliable impinging flows.
A fluidic diode is employed to minimize the parasitic flow into the DRACS primary loop and correspondingly the heat loss to the DRACS during reactor normal operation, and to activate the DRACS in accidents when the reactor is shut down.
In addition, a fluidic diode is employed to minimize the parasitic flow into the DRACS primary loop and correspondingly the heat loss to the DRACS during normal operation of the reactor, and to keep the DRACS ready for activation, if needed, during accidents.
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This energy loss was proposed to be a consequence of parasitic current flow due to the substrate cross-conduction effect and can be likely minimized through controlling the distance between the anode electrodes or/and the cross-sectional area of substrate flow.
These errors cause large parasitic flows when the capillary number is large and have often been attributed to truncation error in underresolved interfacial regions.
This apparently simple objective hides many challenges which stem from the parasitic current that flows even in the absence of any illumination the so-called dark current.
Fabricating the thermopile structure without silicon nitride membrane to eliminate parasitic heat flow through the membrane is also found to improve the mechanical stability considerably as it improves yield and shows minimum deformation.
For better cell performance, our model studies suggest the use of higher electrolyte flow rates, smaller cell gaps, higher conductivities, lower parasitic current densities and operation at moderate current density.
In the design of a heat exchanger, different loss mechanisms like pressure drop and parasitic heat flows are often treated separately.
Besides flexibility regarding sample material and thickness, the instrument design is aimed at the minimization of parasitic heat flows due to convection, radiation, or heat leakages.
An unexpected additional advantage of the flow-through anode configuration is lower parasitic (crossover) current density than the flow-over case at practical low flow rates.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com