Sentence examples for parasite risk from inspiring English sources

Predicting these changing distributions will be critical for assessing population health, improving protected area design, preparing for reintroduction efforts and addressing potential parasite risk in lemurs, humans and domestic animals.

Finally, we conducted intraspecific analyses of malaria prevalence as a function of mammalian species richness in chimpanzees and gorillas, and an interspecific analysis of geographic overlap and parasite species richness, finding that higher levels of host richness favoured greater parasite risk.

In aquatic environments, parasite risk varies both at the regional scale, for example between lake and river environments [22], and at the local scale, for example between adjacent foraging habitats in lakes [23] [25].

Due to the complexities of climate change and its impacts on F. hepatica transmission there will be spatio-temporal variation in parasite risk, with some areas experiencing diminishing disease levels.

Nevertheless, assuming the risks of T-cell depletion are similar between environments and positively related with MHC allelic richness (Figure 5B), divergent selection could arise if hosts experience different levels of parasite risk in adjacent foraging habitats (Figure 5B, compare two dotted lines).

In therapeutic medication, sick individuals alter their behaviour to medicate themselves in response to parasites (Singer et al., 2009), while prophylaxis is displayed by healthy individuals in response to parasite risk rather than infection (Castella et al., 2008).

Increased vector exposure leading to increased parasite risks are associated with tropical zones [75], forest habitats [67], migration [73], colonial behavior [76], body size [77], cavity nesting [76], shortened period of embryonic growth [78], and bright plumage coloration [77].

A trade-off between the rate and duration of transmission occurs because virulent parasites risk killing their host and losing future transmission opportunities (Frank 1996).

Cizauskas and Carlson attempts to quantify parasite extinction risks using existing data and modeling.

A forthcoming review from Cizauskas and Carlson attempts to quantify these parasite extinction risks using existing data and modeling.

In doing this, I will try to draw a more clear distinction between the (co- evolutionary and the eco- evolutionaryions of co-extinction studies, since the ongoing processes thandare putheng parasitecological now operate at a scale that is extremely dimensionsfrof the one that has shaped host–parasite networks throughout million years of co-extinction