Therefore, in studies of the health effects of EMF exposure, the assessment of the exposure pattern over a longer time-scale is (or should be) also an important task, for example, to evaluate the parameter of exposure over days or even years, recognised as the "dose".
When this analysis resulted in a p-value below 0.05, a multiple regression was performed with the biomarker of effect as dependent variable and, as independent variables, in addition to the parameter of exposure in question, also the relevant confounding factors.
Parameters of exposure to UVR were also associated with risk.
Our previous studies showed that several parameters of exposure were significantly associated with reduced prostate cancer risk (Luscombe et al, 2001; Bodiwala et al, 2003).
Our analysis indicated that parameters of exposure considered individually and in combination were equally associated with decreased prostate cancer or increased BCC risk.
However, experimental data suggested that MW effects occur only under specific parameters of exposure, depending on several physical parameters and biologic variables (Adey 1999; Belyaev et al. 2000; Binhi 2002; Blackman et al. 1989).
Much of this is due to limitations in laboratory detection and translation of animal studies to human health effects, as well as insufficiently addressing the parameters of exposure in a clinical dental setting.
We found no NAA changes (i.e., group differences or correlation to other internal or external parameters of exposure indices) in thalamus or putamen, nor were the levels of other metabolites (Cho, mI, Glu, or Glx) significantly altered in any of the examined brain areas.
Also, other measures like correlations, standardised mean differences or the fraction of explained variability do not serve to quantify the degree of causal effects because they mix up the herefore solely relevant mean difference with parameters of exposure and outcome variability [ 28].
In the second model we parameterize the probability of "true" exposure, given reported exposure and case/control status, with prior parameter estimates of exposure misclassification (sensitivity and false-positive probability [i.e., 1-specificity]) described below.
Also in air pollution research, expert elicitation has been used on various occasions to estimate parameters of exposure-response functions (e.g. [ 50, 51]).
