When the whole solvent is paramagnetic, this gives information about the immersion depth of an atom in a macromolecular assembly.
Detailed studies by redox potentiometry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy yielded information about the aggregation state of the proteins, the spin state and the putative coordination environment of the iron.
Two anatase samples with crystal size of 11 and 6 nm, prepared by thermal, P11T, and hydrothermal treatments, P6H, of an amorphous TiO2 precursor, have been studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to obtain information on how the samples defects influence their surface characteristics.
In this subsection we provide more information on the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) experiment and its implications (see our response to the specific comments below).
ENM has been applied to refine structures [ 90, 91] and extract residue-level information from electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) [ 92], smFRET [ 93], and cryo-EM [ 94].
Most importantly, unique long-range structural information is obtained using paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) data.
With increasing sophistication in solution-based and ensemble-oriented biophysical approaches such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, atomic resolution structural information can be directly linked to conformational sampling in solution.
Chemical reduction of 3+ using the acenaphthylene monoanion radical allowed examination of 3 by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy (see the Supporting Information).
We used site-directed spin labeling and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to obtain structural information on WT and NEECK α-actinin.
Although a comprehensive membrane characterization based on electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with spin labeling provided detailed information about overall membrane properties, it could not give spatial information about liposome-cell interaction.
