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The comparison of extended and compressed filaments shows that protomers are rotated 15° around the axis perpendicular to the filament axis, and 10° anti-clockwise in the plane parallel to the filament axis (Figure S6).
Basically the first two modified immunoglobulin domains D2 and D3 of the crystal structure aligned well with the larger globular density present in the pilus reconstruction, placing the pair of four-stranded β-sheets parallel to the filament axis and facing outward.
Chloroplasts of Klebsormidium are usually located laterally, near longitudinal walls of cylindrical cells and parallel to the filament axis.
Consistent with this universally conserved fold, all models predicting how type IV pilins are arranged within filaments agree that Tff are helical polymers in which α1N-helices provide the principal polymerization interface and are buried within the filament core parallel to the filament axis, in an 'ear of wheat' fashion (Fig. 5B).
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In order to explain the buckling and eventual breakage of the actin filament, we propose the following model: The myosin filament aligns parallel to the actin filament and interacts with it via the myosin heads ((Sellers and Kachar, 1990), Figure 3D).
A lever arm azimuth of 90° would be aligned parallel to the inter-thick-filament axis.
On the other hand, in tomograms with complexes running parallel to the beam, the septin filaments were clearly defined, all filaments around Gic1 had the same diameter and their tracing was straightforward.
Cytoplasmic filaments, adjacent to the inner membrane, run parallel to the tightly organized flagellar filaments.
In vivo and in vitro, the Z-ring is composed of a small, single-layered band of filaments parallel to the membrane, creating a continuous ring through lateral filament contacts.
In the case of the model running with its long axis parallel to the beam at 0˚, the filaments do not show prominent missing wedge artifacts at a resolution of 45 Å and are fully comparable to the filaments of the original model.
These filaments, which ran parallel to the cell edge, could be the enhanced actin filaments, and together with the accumulated progeny virus particles, could have caused the bulky, puffy-cell periphery.
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