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Griswold MA, Jakob PM, Heidemann RM, Nittka M, Jellus V, Wang J, Kiefer B, Haase A. Generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA).
Thirdly, to take advantage of parallel imaging techniques, the common generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) or sensitivity encoding (SENSE) algorithms need to be extended.
We also discuss methods to deal with cases where scanning parameters become the limiting factor (parallel acquisitions, variable jittered designs, scanner acoustic noise strategies).
However, computationally demanding reconstructions of such imaging techniques, such as k-space domain radial generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisitions (radial GRAPPA) and image domain conjugate gradient sensitivity encoding (CG-SENSE), lead to longer reconstruction times and unacceptable latency for online real-time MRI on conventional computational hardware.
Interpolation is employed to provide velocity estimates for sub-pixel translations that occur in the short time intervals between parallel acquisitions.
Conventionally, parallel imaging techniques such as Sensitivity Encoding (SENSE) [5, 6], Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisitions (GRAPPA) [7, 8], and Simultaneous Acquisition of Spatial Harmonics (SMASH) [9] are used to accelerate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Clinical assessment of standard and generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition diffusion imaging: effects of reduction factor and spatial resolution.
In the current study, we introduce an adapted EPI sequence in conjunction with a combination of ZOOmed imaging and Partially Parallel Acquisition (ZOOPPA).
Recently, several partially parallel acquisition (PPA) techniques have been presented which use spatial information inherent in an RF coil array to reconstruct an image from a reduced set of phase encoding steps.
The introduction of faster gradients and a parallel acquisition technique has resulted in even greater spatial resolution and faster acquisition times.
In the Doppler domain parallel acquisition, the input data for the FFT are reduced by a time domain integration to relieve the computational load [13].
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