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Nonlinear model with modeling panel zone.
Elastic model with modeling panel zone.
Stiffness of the panel zone is modeled as a spring.
The main variable of the specimens was the ratio of the panel zone strength to the connected beam strength (panel zone strength ratio).
Then, numerous inclined cracks in the joint panel zone with a large width increased as the loading progressed, indicating shear failure of the joint panel zone.
In the second one, two springs are used: one for rigidity of the panel zone and the other for average strength of beam and the panel zone.
However, current provisions take no consideration of their effect on the panel zone shear stability.
These describe the deformation modes of the panel zone, namely extensional, flexural and due to shear.
In addition, the column panel zone can be proportioned to participate in energy dissipation.
Analytical models of connections are employed including panel zone and beam to column joint model.
Beams and columns are jointed by the rigid link in the panel zone.
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