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This strong mitigation would correspond to a significant benefit in terms of number of cases and in changing the pandemic pattern, thus reducing the burden at peak time on the public health system.
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Furthermore, the spatial differences in the timing of local pandemic influenza in our study demonstrate the advantages of using high-resolution data to detect heterogeneous pandemic patterns.
The concept of 10- to 11-year influenza A virus pandemic patterns, with disappearance of the predecessor virus, seemed entrenched in the influenza literature.
The 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Chile Scarce information about the epidemiology of historical influenza pandemics in South America prevents complete understanding of pandemic patterns throughout the continent and across different climatic zones.
The pH1N1 vaccine prioritization schemes adopted by many countries required a balance of these competing considerations and ultimately differed from seasonal influenza recommendations as a result of vaccine delay and unique pandemic patterns of age-related risk [ 12, 23- 26].
Further repertoire analysis in four individuals exposed to two post-pandemic TIV (2012-13 and 2014-15) revealed a trend of IGHV1-69 and IGHV4-39 usage towards the pre-pandemic pattern.
Moreover, the D SW indices in 14/15 TIV resembled that of the 08/09 TIV (Additional file 4), suggesting that the clonal response to repeated seasonal immunizations with TIV tends to return to the pre-pandemic pattern.
Second, we checked that we could actually detect a pandemic age pattern by comparing the null epidemic pattern with those of the 1957 and 1968 pandemics.
With a virus capable of producing a pandemic, this pattern of infection is a serious problem, and not only because of the deaths and panic it can cause.
The specific age-related 2009 pandemic mortality pattern which was also noticed in previous influenza pandemics (1957, 1968) is currently considered as a signature of the influenza pandemics [ 5].
These results resemble the geographically heterogeneous pandemic mortality patterns of the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic.
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