It has been shown under laboratory conditions that the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza strain may reassort or mutate to become readily transmissible between humans. 2 In response to the threat of influenza pandemics, most countries have developed pandemic preparedness plans.
During the height of the fear of a pandemic, some countries initiated or threatened to initiate quarantines of foreign visitors suspected of having or being in contact with others who may have been infected.
In times of a pandemic threat countries must consider the effects of a limited vaccine, limited antiviral use and the effects of prior immunity so as to adopt a pandemic strategy that will best aid the population.
At the beginning of the pandemic, some countries established measures to identify all possible cases, but rapidly and due to the constant increase of suspected cases, they decided to abandon the systematic screening.
However, in the absence of effective exit screening during the H1N1 2009 pandemic, some countries decided to use ITIS in entry screening with the hope that detecting travellers who were febrile on arrival would be worthwhile to reduce the probability of infected travellers entering the country, and that ITIS could detect them [1].
Influenced by the 2009 pandemic, 22/34 countries targeted this group for S1011 vaccine.
Tuberculosis infection (TB) has been pandemic in countries within the tropical regions for decades [ 1].
Quarantine Methods and Secondary Outbreak Prevention During the 2009 influenza (H1N1) pandemic, some countries used quarantine for containment or mitigation.
For these reasons, during the initial phase of the influenza A/H1N1 2009 pandemic, many countries initiated contact tracing among flight passengers of flights where contagious patients with laboratory confirmed influenza A/H1N1 2009 were notified.
Our primary objective was to compare the cost effectiveness of vaccination strategies against an influenza pandemic for countries with a similar cultural background, to examine the usefulness of general advice on a vaccination strategy.
