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Here are three pairs of statements about foreign policy.
For the reasoning tasks, subjects judged whether pairs of statements describing common actions either (a) were presented in the correct temporal order (sequencing), or (b) described similar actions or objects (similarity).
The subjects were given pairs of statements and asked to check off the statement in each pair which was more applicable to them — for example: "Compliments embarrass me" versus "I like to be complimented"; "I am more capable than other people" versus "There is a lot that I can learn from other people".
For example, Euler's system prevents us from drawing a single diagram representing the following pairs of statements: (i) "All A are B" and "No A is B" (which are consistent if A is an empty set).
The general meaning remained unaltered in 86.1% of the pairs of statements.
Thus, equivalence between the pairs of statements could be judged in a continuous form between 0 and 100%.
Similar(49)
This pair of statements is known as the index theorem.
The Foreign Ministry announced in a pair of statements from Beijing that some military exchange programs between the United States and China would be canceled in addition to the commercial sanctions.
The first pair of statements presented what seemed an obvious choice: "Starting conversations is an effort for me" or "I get a rush from striking up a conversation with a stranger".
TripAdvisor detected and blocked more than 1,000 attempts to submit fraudulent reviews by Promo Salento, an online marketing site targeting hospitality businesses, the company said in a pair of statements Tuesday.
Carnap considered artificial systems whose expressive power falls dramatically short of the languages actually used in the practice of the sciences, and he hoped to define for any pair of statements in his restricted languages a function that would measure the degree to which the second supports the first.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com