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Elemental association may signify that each paired elements has identical source or common sink in the stream sediments.
Size polymorphisms in group I introns has been interpreted as the result of the degeneration of homing endonuclease genes (HEG) inserted in peripheral loops of intron paired elements.
Some of these group I introns present ORFs of different sizes inserted in their P1 and P2 paired elements [ 3- 5].
Size polymorphisms in group I introns have been described [ 2- 5] and are occasionally generated by the insertion of a mobile element such as homing endonuclease genes (HEG) in peripheral loops of intron paired elements P1, P2, P6, P8 and P9 [ 4, 6].
The pelvic girdle consists of three paired elements, the ilia, ischia, and pubes, which are fused into a single piece with the synsacrum.
Group I introns fold on a structure, forming 10 conserved paired elements (P1-P10) with a conserved catalytic core [reviewed in [ 1]].
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Introns size polymorphisms are due to insertions from 42 to 482 bp in intron P1 paired element.
Open reading frames (ORFs) with His-Cys Box motifs were described inserted in the P1 paired element, confined within the conserved pair U*G, located in the SSU rDNA exon and in the intron respectively in the complementary strand.
Therefore, the occurrence of different size polymorphisms in intron P1 paired element do not refrain intron self-splicing mechanism, although there is a hypothesis that the presence of HEG may diminish self-splicing efficiency [ 1].
This bilaterally paired element forms the pharyngeal 'jaw' in both percomorph (e.g., notothenioids and stickleback) and cypriniform (e.g., zebrafish) fishes, bears teeth, and is used to processes prey gathered by the oral jaws.
In addition, transcriptomic analysis of RNA-seq data derived from Rhodobacter spaeroides [ 34] (Additional file 4: Figure S1A) suggests that the 5′ portion of this pairing element is not transcribed, thus we believe that the originally predicted H0 pairing element is likely not part of the biologically relevant RNA.
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