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Participants with 1, 2, 3, and ⩾4 sites of pain had gait speeds that were 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08 meters per second slower, respectively, than older adults without pain, adjusting for disease burden and other potential confounders (P < 0.001).
Thus, if physical exertion leads to muscle pain, adjusting for muscle pain will underestimate the association between perceived exertion and the objectively assessed variables.
We find no evidence that history of NSI affects knee ROA incidence and progression in a population with knee pain, adjusting for SI, age, sex, BMI, KL grade and follow-up time.
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For example, self-reported inability to walk 3 blocks was 72% higher in participants with than without pain (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.72 [95% confidence interval 1.56 1.90]).
In comparison with the lowest quartile of scores (the least depressed), those in the highest quartile of depression scores had a four-fold increased risk of troublesome neck and low back pain (adjusted HRR 3.97; 95% CI 1.81 8.72).
Many patients, including 46% of those in severe pain, adjusted analgesic use to current pain level.
The association between self perceived weather sensitivity and self reported joint pain adjusted for socio demographics and country only.
Participants tended to be overweight or obese adjusted OR 1.40 (0.93-2.09) and in pain adjusted OR 1.43 (0.96-2.12), but neither difference was statistically significant.
Of four adipokines studied, only visfatin was associated with upper extremity pain (adjusted OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.1 for 1SD increase in level).
The association between self perceived weather sensitivity and self reported joint pain adjusted for socio demographics, country and other potential confounders.
Vitamin D deficiency was independently associated with increased risk of body ache or bone pain (adjusted OR 4.43, 95 % CI 2.07 to 9.49, P = 0.001).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com