Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
owing to its complexity
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "owing to its complexity" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it to describe something that is difficult to understand or do, as in the sentence: "The procedure for filing taxes is difficult to understand, owing to its complexity."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Wiki
Alternative expressions(4)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
11 human-written examples
10 The true cost of the NHS breast screening programme is difficult to estimate, owing to its complexity and the fact that it is not commissioned as one centrally organised service.
Science
However, the AAV DNA integration mechanism remains sketchy, partially owing to its complexity [34].
Science
Although this 'three-step' targeting approach was not further developed for clinical studies, owing to its complexity, the good results obtained in animal models suggested that targeted delivery of TNF to tumors might indeed represent a valuable strategy for increasing its therapeutic index.
Science
Owing to its complexity its potential has not been fully realized to date.
Although ionic surfactants are commonly used to facilitate the dispersion of CNTs in aqueous solutions, understanding the dispersion process is challenging and time-consuming owing to its complexity and nonlinearity.
Science
In November 1960 a Bill based on that report was introduced in the House of Lords, where it was much scrutinised by solicitors and barristers (particularly at the Committee stage) owing to its complexity.
Wiki
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
49 human-written examples
A cell-free gene expression system can provide this distinction and represents a suitable model system, owing to its reduced complexity, to address this problem [ 20].
Between 40 000 and 50 000 deaths from malaria have been reported in a single year … quinine is distributed in increasing quantity but, owing to its extent and complexity, the malarial problem in Siam is yet far from practical solution (cited by Varavarn, 2000: 2000.
Science
The structure and functioning of the atrioventricular (AV) node has remained mysterious owing to its high degree of complexity.
Science
This is the recommended approach, yet it is rarely achieved owing to its logistic complexity [ 24].
Science
A K-PD model was also used for characterizing the PD of ibandronate owing to its PK complexity and substantial time dissociation between measured concentrations and changes in urinary excretion of the C-telopeptide of the α chain of type I collagen (uCTX, a marker of ibandronate activity).
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "owing to its complexity", ensure the subject you are describing is indeed complex and that the complexity is the direct cause of the result you are explaining. Be specific about which aspects contribute to the complexity.
Common error
Avoid using "owing to its complexity" as a catch-all phrase without providing specific details. Instead of stating "the problem is difficult owing to its complexity", explain what makes it complex: "the problem is difficult owing to its multifaceted nature and the interdependencies of its components".
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "owing to its complexity" functions as an adverbial phrase that provides a reason or explanation for a particular situation or outcome. It modifies a verb or clause by indicating the cause or reason behind it. Ludwig confirms its grammatical correctness and usability.
Frequent in
Science
76%
News & Media
12%
Wiki
12%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Academia
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "owing to its complexity" is a grammatically correct and usable phrase that serves to explain the reason or cause behind a certain difficulty or outcome, as affirmed by Ludwig. While slightly formal, it is generally appropriate for neutral to formal contexts such as science, news, and academic writing. Ludwig identifies several instances of its usage in various contexts, with a prevalence in scientific literature. When using this phrase, remember to be specific about the aspects contributing to the complexity to avoid vagueness and ensure clarity.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
due to its intricate nature
Replaces "complexity" with "intricate nature" maintaining a similar level of formality.
because of its complicated structure
Substitutes "owing to" with "because of" and "complexity" with "complicated structure" for a slightly less formal tone.
as a consequence of its intricacy
Uses "as a consequence of" to replace "owing to", emphasizing the result of the complexity.
attributable to its convoluted design
Replaces "complexity" with "convoluted design" suggesting a design that is unnecessarily complicated.
resulting from its sophisticated character
Replaces "complexity" with "sophisticated character" which could imply advanced or elaborate nature.
stemming from its multifaceted nature
Uses "stemming from" to indicate origin and "multifaceted nature" to highlight the many aspects contributing to complexity.
given its elaborate composition
Emphasizes the detailed and complex construction rather than just complexity itself.
on account of its sophistication
Similar to "owing to", but replaces "complexity" with "sophistication" to indicate a refined complexity.
by reason of its involved structure
More formal alternative, replacing "complexity" with "involved structure" suggesting intricate interconnectedness.
thanks to its labyrinthine construction
Implies a confusing and intricate structure, adding a negative connotation compared to the neutral "complexity".
FAQs
How can I use "owing to its complexity" in a sentence?
You can use "owing to its complexity" to explain why something is difficult to understand, solve, or implement. For example, "The system's failure was owing to its complexity and the multitude of interconnected components."
What are some alternatives to "owing to its complexity"?
Alternatives include "due to its intricate nature", "because of its complicated structure", or "as a consequence of its intricacy", depending on the specific context.
Is it better to use "owing to its complexity" or "due to its complexity"?
Both phrases are grammatically correct and convey a similar meaning. "Owing to its complexity" might be perceived as slightly more formal than "due to its complexity", but either can be appropriate depending on your desired tone.
What is the difference between "owing to its complexity" and "because of its complexity"?
"Owing to its complexity" and "because of its complexity" are largely interchangeable. "Owing to" is sometimes considered more formal, but in most modern contexts, the difference is negligible.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested