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Patients with pre-existing severe RI (creatinine ≧2.0 mg/dl) owing to causes other than MM were excluded from the study.
The main outcome measure of the patients was the cancer (cause -specific 5-year survival, where deaths owing to cause -specifican the cancer of the patients are counted as events censoring the follow-up time.
The avoidable cancer deaths will contribute to an increase in the number of persons exposed to competing causes of death, so, there will be negative numbers in the avoidable deaths owing to causes other than the cancer (Table 3, upper panel A).
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Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are known to have high malfunction rates, most of which are owing to mechanical causes.
The above estimation is based on the assumption of constant particle size inside the PDC; however, if the aggregation is more significant, the volume estimation will change because an increase in particle size owing to aggregation causes an increase in the settling velocity.
Death owing to other causes is considered as a censored event.
In none of the subjects was polyneuropathy owing to nondiabetic causes recognized.
Estimates were also made by additionally assuming that even the mortalities owing to other causes of death were all equal to those in the highest category.
For overall survival, patients who were alive at last follow-up or died owing to other causes were censored at the date of last follow-up or death.
Mortality owing to other causes was increased in the group on DP owing to mental diagnoses (HR 3.94; 95% CI 2.92 to 5.33), but was particularly high in the group on DP owing to somatic diagnoses (HR 18.85; 95% CI 15.36 to 23.13).
"The specimens," Darwin conceded, "were young ones; and probably owing to this cause, neither Mr Gray nor myself could find in them any specific differences," he wrote in the beefed-up second edition of his Journal of Researches published in 1845.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com